Bee Kinds Assortment
Regarding 2009 so you can 2018, 192 bee species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) was basically trapped during the Calanques Federal Playground through one another online and you will bowl trap choices. They belonged in order to six family and you can 38 genera. Megachilidae was one particular varieties-steeped loved ones, accompanied by Apidae and you will Halictidae, which have 53, forty two, and 43 species, respectively. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 is new wealthiest genus, with 33 species, whereas 7 genera have been illustrated because of the one varieties (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Table step 1 [on the web simply] ). Utilising the jackknife step 1 and you can dos indexes, the complete bee species richness was estimated getting between ± 9.89 and ± . The latest seen richness therefore portrayed 71.step three to 79.6% of estimated bee richness ( Dining table 2). The brand new Chao1 strategy projected brand new observed richness as 76.8% of your own possible restriction fullness ( Table dos). One particular plentiful kinds was Apis mellifera L. (276 somebody), followed closely by Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and 168 anybody, respectively), and you can Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 individuals). Fundamentally, fifty variety (26%) was basically depicted because of the only one individual (singletons).
Ecological Traits of Bees
Regarding the environment faculties out-of nesting needs, i recognized 59 single bee types nesting above floor, ninety five solitary bee kinds nesting below ground and you may 23 cleptoparasitic variety, comparable to 29.seven, 47.9, and you can several.0% of one’s complete bee variety fullness, respectively. We thought of five personal variety (bumble bees and honey bees-dos.1%). Finally, this new nesting preferences from fourteen kinds continue to be unknown (eight.3%- Supp Table 1 [on line only] ). Regarding the flowery diet out of bee types, i discovered that 105 varieties (54.7%) foraged towards a variety of plant variety (i.e., generalist kinds, polylectic) and you will www.datingranking.net/interracialpeoplemeet-review/ 51 types (twenty six.5%) foraged on one bush family unit members otherwise you to/couples bush types (i.age., expert variety, oligolectic). On the left 36 bee kinds (18.8%), new flowery diet wasn’t recognized (age.g., having cleptoparasitic kinds). not, very generalist varieties exhibited a choice for starters or a number of bush families ( Supp Dining table step 1 [on line simply] ). On the forty-two singletons, fourteen bee kinds (28%) have been specialist, and you may nine bee variety (18%) was indeed cleptoparasitic ( Supp Dining table step one [on the internet just] ).
An enthusiastic IUCN standing try designed for 178 variety (leaving out the new variety complexes and you can as yet not known varieties). Some of those, 47 types were categorized because the study lacking (DD-26.4%), 124 variety were minimum concerned (LC-69.6%), half dozen variety were close threatened (NT-step 3.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849), Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and you may L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), plus one variety is considered threatened (EN-0.6%; L. soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Table step 1 [on the web just] ). Around three oligolectic varieties was in fact among the many eight threatened bee types. A beneficial. ovatula and you will C. albomaculatus try pros towards Fabaceae, D. argentata try an expert on the Caprifoliaceae.
From 2009 to help you 2018, 38 species of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) was in fact stuck in Calanques National Playground. They belonged in order to twenty-four genera ( Supp Desk dos [on the internet only] ). Many abundant genera had been Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 some body), Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 (fourteen anybody), and you will Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville during the Latreille, 1828 (thirteen anyone), whereas 20 species (53%) was basically portrayed by the just one individual ( Supp Dining table 2 [on line simply] ). The fresh bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) were portrayed by 20 types, as well as five singletons (25%) ( Supp Dining table 3 [on the web merely] ). The fresh quote regarding overall types richness off hover flies and you may bee flies was ranging from 83 and you can 97 variety by using the jackknife step one and you can dos spiders, correspondingly. For that reason, the fresh observed richness illustrated 59.8–69.9% of your own estimated hover travel and you can bee fly richness ( Desk 2).